Wholeness in Renunciation: An Interpretative Inquiry into the Isha Upanishad and Its Echoes in the Bhagavad Gita

Abstract

The Isha Upanishad, one of the most concise yet profound texts in the Upanishadic corpus, offers a radical vision of divinity pervading all existence. This paper explores the philosophical essence of the Isha Upanishad, with a particular focus on its opening mantra which declares the world to be enveloped by the Supreme Being. Through interpretative analysis, the paper connects the teachings of the Upanishad with the Bhagavad Gita, highlighting shared values of renunciation (tyaga), non-attachment (vairagya), and ethical engagement with the world. Drawing upon Advaita Vedanta, Stoicism, and real-world scenarios, the research contemplates how spiritual wisdom from ancient India remains dynamically relevant to modern life. The paper concludes by affirming the Isha Upanishad’s message of holistic living where inner realization leads to external harmony.